![]() The threshold is normally uni-directional inset luminaires, however where it is co-located with the runway end bar it may consist of bi-directional luminaires showing green into the approach and red to the end of the runway. All threshold lights show green light into the approach. Firstly a bar of inset lights at the start of the runway, and secondly two wing bars outboard of the runway edge. ![]() Threshold lights indicate the start of the usable part of the runway and dependent on the scale or category of the runway comprise two elements. Where a threshold is displaced, the lights between the beginning of the runway and the displaced threshold should show Red in the approach direction. Runway edge lights are usually white except on a precision approach runway without centreline lighting, yellow lights should be installed on the last 600m. Elevated fittings ( IR862 or ZA163) generally provide a bi‑directional high intensity characteristic and an omni‑directional low intensity characteristic from a combined array. The fixtures will generally be elevated types but inset fittings ( IR850C or ZA483) will be used at runway and taxiway intersections and runway access points. Runway edge lights may be high or low intensity dependent upon the conditions for which the airport operates. The method of provision is specified in ICAO Annex14 and the lighting must extend from the landing threshold for either 900 meters or to the midpoint of the runway, whichever is the least Runway Edge Lights Touchdown Zone (TDZ) (L-850B) Lighting must be provided on runways available for use in low visibility conditions so as to provide enhanced identification of the touchdown area. Towards the end of the runway the coding of the lights change to alternate red and then all red, thus indicating to pilots, the length of runway remaining. Runway Centerline Lighting System (L-850A) – On precision runways, a runway centerline light system is installed, with white lights spaced at pre-determined intervals on the centerline of the runway. There are several categories of runway edge lighting, high-intensity (HIRL), medium-intensity (MIRL) or low-intensity (LIRL) all of which are designed to meet different criterial of international standards. On instrument runways, the white lights will change to yellow when approaching the end of the runway length, and then they turn red as the aircraft reaches the end of the runway. Runway edge lights are generally steady white lights that show the edge or the usable part of a runway. Also the position at which the lighting fixtures are installed will regulate whether inset type, or elevated products are used. ![]() There are many different designs with regards to runway lighting, and the applications that are required is dependent on the category of the airfield, whether it be CATI, CATII, CATIII.
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